Inforomation on Hot Tub sanitation

Sanitation and chemistry

Maintaining hot tub water sanitation and chemistry is necessary to prevent the spread of disease as well as damage to the tub. In addition to the use of a pump and micrometre-range particulate filter, bromine, chlorine or mineral sanitizers are almost always used as a primary sanitizer, and often supplemented with an ozone generator, UV sterilization, and/or silver and copper ion generator (also known as a "spa ionizer").

To periodically remove any stubborn microorganisms, or in the event of poor water sanitation, "shocking" the hot tub is recommended. This can be done with either potassium monopersulfate (usually referred to as "non-chlorine shock"), or a relatively large dose of granulated chlorine. The hot tub should not be used for a period of time after starting the shock treatment, typically 15 minutes for potassium monopersulfate and 8 hours for chlorine.

Maintaining the water chemistry involves keeping the pH, total alkalinity, and calcium hardness within acceptable margins. If the pH is not maintained in the correct range, chlorine will not be effective at eliminating bacteria. Also, severe problems with the water chemistry may cause metal parts of the tub's plumbing to corrode, damaging or destroying them. The Langlier Saturation Index is important to determine and maintain properly, so that calcium and magnesium deposits do not form in the water heater

Poor hot tub sanitation, whether by improper design or failure of the sanitation system, can result in disease transmission and litigation. It is recommended to have multiple sanitation systems to prevent system failure if one sanitation subsystem fails.